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STRATUSWORKFORCE SCAN
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Industry group, 5413

Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services

1,719,390 people work in this industry in the US, at mean pay of $102,150 a year (BLS, May 2025). What follows is how much of their working time the best AI models could finish, when, and in which jobs and tasks. Estimates.

now
18%

of the paid hours. Estimate.

$39B

a year: 647 million hours at what they cost. Not a forecast of savings.

Kinds of work
  • 68%
  • 14%
  • 19%
4%

of the paid hours are within reach now in tasks people already bring to Claude. Another 14% is within reach in tasks not yet seen there.

Across the US: 22% within reach now and 37% by the end of 2028, on the long-run pace at four in five.

Share of the paid hours within reach, now to 2030

0%25%50%75%100%2027202820292030NowDesk work: 68% of the time
Chosen to Ceiling: the share
DateNow
NowEnd of 2030

What each choice means: , , , , . Every pace starts from .

How far this has come

With GPT-4, measured in March 2023, 0% of this industry's paid hours were within reach at . With Claude 3.7 Sonnet, measured in February 2025, 0%. With Claude Mythos Preview (early), measured in April 2026, 14%. Today's estimate: 18%.

0%10%20%30%2023202420252026GPT-4, March 2023: 0% within reachGPT-4 Turbo (Nov 2023), November 2023: 0% within reachGPT-4o, May 2024: 0% within reachClaude 3.5 Sonnet (June 2024), June 2024: 0% within reacho1-preview, September 2024: 0% within reachClaude 3.5 Sonnet (Oct 2024), October 2024: 0% within reacho1, December 2024: 0% within reachClaude 3.7 Sonnet, February 2025: 0% within reacho3, April 2025: 2% within reachGPT-5, August 2025: 2% within reachGemini 3 Pro, November 2025: 4% within reachClaude Opus 4.5, November 2025: 4% within reachGPT-5.2, December 2025: 5% within reachClaude Opus 4.6, February 2026: 5% within reachClaude Mythos Preview (early), April 2026: 14% within reachToday (estimate), September 2026: 18% within reach
Each step is a new best model measured by METR, four in five; the dashed end is today's estimate. Point at a dot for the model.

A backcast: today's task data with the best model METR had measured by each date. It shows how fast the models have moved, not what anyone forecast at the time.

Where the hours are

Jobs by hours within reach now. The 40 largest jobs hold 75% of the people.

PeoplePay here
Project Management Specialists99,83033%69 million$107K
Architectural and Civil Drafters73,45023%35 million$66K
Office Clerks, General29,21054%33 million$48K
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive36,17043%32 million$51K
Surveying and Mapping Technicians35,48039%29 million$50K
General and Operations Managers56,39023%27 million$164K
Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks16,16078%26 million$59K
Construction and Building Inspectors47,31024%24 million$75K
Civil Engineers201,6205%23 million$101K
Civil Engineering Technologists and Technicians35,38022%16 million$63K
Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers31,35024%16 million$51K
Architectural and Engineering Managers57,73012%14 million$168K

People: BLS counts for this industry, May 2025. Pay here: the median paid for the job in this industry, else its mean, else the national median. 288 smaller jobs (420,210 people) count in every total but are not listed. Task data covers 99% of the industry's people; the rest are in BLS "all other" groups with no task list, or in counts BLS does not publish.

The tasks with the most hours within reach by the end of 2028

Across the whole industry, on the chosen pace and reliability.

  1. Plan and design transportation or hydraulic systems or structures, using computer-assisted design or drawing tools.Civil Engineers
    70 million hours79% of the task within reach
  2. Analyze survey reports, maps, drawings, blueprints, aerial photography, or other topographical or geologic data.Civil Engineers
    33 million hours98% of the task within reach
  3. Design energy-efficient or environmentally sound civil structures.Civil Engineers
    33 million hours79% of the task within reach
  4. Compute load and grade requirements, water flow rates, or material stress factors to determine design specifications.Civil Engineers
    30 million hours100% of the task within reach
  5. Review and interpret plans, blueprints, site layouts, specifications, or construction methods to ensure compliance to legal requirements and safety regulations.Construction and Building Inspectors
    28 million hours100% of the task within reach
  6. Manage the coordination and overall integration of technical activities in architecture or engineering projects.Architectural and Engineering Managers
    27 million hours100% of the task within reach
  7. Develop or update project plans including information such as objectives, technologies, schedules, funding, and staffing.Project Management Specialists
    23 million hours96% of the task within reach
  8. Develop or implement policies, standards, or procedures for engineering and technical work.Architectural and Engineering Managers
    23 million hours85% of the task within reach
  9. Produce drawings, using computer-assisted drafting systems (CAD) or drafting machines, or by hand, using compasses, dividers, protractors, triangles, and other drafting devices.Architectural and Civil Drafters
    22 million hours100% of the task within reach
  10. Draw rough and detailed scale plans for foundations, buildings, and structures, based on preliminary concepts, sketches, engineering calculations, specification sheets, and other data.Architectural and Civil Drafters
    22 million hours99% of the task within reach

Scan a typical company in this industry

The industry's largest jobs, in the proportions BLS counts across the whole industry, at the pay it pays, run through the company scan. A starting point before you have a roster, or a benchmark for the one you have.

Next to this industry

Within reach now and by the end of 2028, long-run pace, four in five.

How it is built: BLS counts the people in each job in this industry; each job's tasks and their lengths give its share within reach at a date; the industry's share is those shares weighted by people. Value is pay times 1.43 for benefits and payroll costs. Seen in Claude use splits today's share by whether Anthropic saw people bring each task to Claude in 2025; other AI tools are not counted. How it works