Subsector, 524
Insurance Carriers and Related Activities
2,617,090 people work in this industry in the US, at mean pay of $91,090 a year (BLS, May 2025). What follows is how much of their working time the best AI models could finish, when, and in which jobs and tasks. Estimates.
of the paid hours. Now is projected from METR's April 2026 measurement and Epoch's November 2026 index.
a year: 3 billion hours at what they cost. Not a forecast of savings.
- 67%
- 29%
- 4%
of the paid hours are within reach now in tasks people already bring to Claude. Another 42% is within reach in tasks not yet seen there.
Across the US: 30% within reach now and 36% by the end of 2028, on the long-run pace at four in five. Now is projected from METR's April 2026 measurement and Epoch's November 2026 index.
Share of the paid hours within reach, now to 2030
Change assumptionsHide assumptionsLong-run pace, four in five
What each choice means: , , , , . Every pace starts from .
What handing the work over would take
For the 2,533,964 people in jobs so far, 97% of the industry's people; the others are in the totals above and join this split as the review reaches their jobs. Shares of their working time within reach now, at the pace and reliability chosen above. Estimates. Now is projected from METR's April 2026 measurement and Epoch's November 2026 index.
about 1.9 billion hours a year. The material can be handed to a model and the result handed back.
about 1 billion hours a year. The model has to be connected to the system the work lives in.
about 1.1 billion hours a year. Short enough by length. This site leaves conversation with people, so it is not in the totals.
What their work is made of
- 46%
- 20%
- 22%
- 7%
- 4%
Each task's time split among five kinds of doing, judged one task at a time; only documents and systems can count as within reach.
What changes for the people
For the 2,533,964 people in jobs reviewed task by task so far, by the end of 2028 on the long-run pace at four in five: the shares of their working time, from each job page's own map, weighted by how many people here do that job. It says which parts of the work change, never whether anyone keeps a job. Estimates.
Conversation, in-person and hands-on work.
Desk work within reach in tasks where a mistake costs something or a licensed person signs.
Desk work within reach that is small if wrong, with lighter checks.
What most people here would learn first
How many of them have each skill among the first two things to learn on their job's page. Every state, and the US
- Reviewing work you did not do yourself2,321,499 (92%)
- Briefing a model and checking its drafts1,253,531 (49%)
- Running AI inside the business systems650,470 (26%)
- The conversations535,458 (21%)
- Judgment where errors are severe123,480 (5%)
- Signing off under your license74,993 (3%)
- The hands-on craft72,547 (3%)
- Dealing with people outside the organization17,730 (1%)
- Handling protected records12,760 (1%)
How far this has come
With GPT-4, measured in March 2023, 0% of this industry's paid hours were within reach at . With Claude 3.7 Sonnet, measured in February 2025, 3%. With Claude Mythos Preview (early), measured in April 2026, 33%. Today's estimate: 55%.
A backcast: today's task data with the best model METR had measured by each date. It shows how fast the models have moved, not what anyone forecast at the time.
Robots and the physical work
Anthropic rates 5% of the working time of the people in this industry as physical work. For 3% of the working time, a robot has been shown doing most of the task somewhere: 2% in a purpose-built cell, 1% in a structured facility. 0.05 of 3.
- Not physical 95%
- No robot shown 2%
- In a purpose-built cell 2%
- In a structured facility 1%
Anthropic's rating, not this site's estimate: Claude Opus 5, searching the web, rated each physical O*NET task by the kind of setting in which a robot it could cite (deployed, sold or demonstrated) does most of the task, weighted by its own estimate of each task's share of the time (What work can robots do?, September 30, 2026, data CC BY 4.0; every job ranked). A robot shown somewhere is not a robot in your building: cost, setup and safety decide that. The share within reach on this page still counts no body work. Weighted by the people in each occupation; each job's page names the robot behind each rated task.
Where the hours are
Jobs by hours within reach now. Now is projected from METR's April 2026 measurement and Epoch's November 2026 index. The 40 largest jobs hold 88% of the people.
| People | Pay here | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Customer Service Representatives | 292,830 | 64% | 392 million | $47K |
| Insurance Sales Agents | 459,420 | 40% | 382 million | $62K |
| Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators | 241,680 | 60% | 303 million | $77K |
| Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks | 169,090 | 86% | 301 million | $50K |
| Insurance Underwriters | 97,600 | 100% | 202 million | $81K |
| General and Operations Managers | 85,840 | 45% | 80 million | $140K |
| First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers | 59,070 | 54% | 67 million | $79K |
| Software Developers | 63,740 | 48% | 64 million | $131K |
| Financial Managers | 56,810 | 52% | 61 million | $174K |
| Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks | 31,950 | 88% | 59 million | $52K |
| Office Clerks, General | 46,120 | 56% | 54 million | $46K |
| Management Analysts | 61,380 | 37% | 47 million | $99K |
People: BLS counts for this industry, May 2025. Pay here: the median paid for the job in this industry, else its mean, else the national median. 206 smaller jobs (320,300 people) count in every total but are not listed. Task data covers 99% of the industry's people; the rest are in BLS "all other" groups with no task list, or in counts BLS does not publish.
The tasks with the most hours within reach by the end of 2028
Across the whole industry, on the chosen pace and reliability.
- Develop marketing strategies to compete with other individuals or companies who sell insurance.Insurance Sales Agents157 million hours100% of the task within reach
- Examine documents to determine degree of risk from factors such as applicant health, financial standing and value, and condition of property.Insurance Underwriters83 million hours100% of the task within reach
- Plan and oversee incorporation of insurance program into bookkeeping system of company.Insurance Sales Agents70 million hours80% of the task within reach
- Customize insurance programs to suit individual customers, often covering a variety of risks.Insurance Sales Agents68 million hours70% of the task within reach
- Obtain and examine all relevant information to assess validity of complaints and to determine possible causes, such as extreme weather conditions that could increase utility bills.Customer Service Representatives66 million hours100% of the task within reach
- Complete contract forms, prepare change of address records, or issue service discontinuance orders, using computers.Customer Service Representatives61 million hours100% of the task within reach
- Check to ensure that appropriate changes were made to resolve customers' problems.Customer Service Representatives47 million hours80% of the task within reach
- Examine claims investigated by insurance adjusters, further investigating questionable claims to determine whether to authorize payments.Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators44 million hours100% of the task within reach
- Keep records of customer interactions or transactions, recording details of inquiries, complaints, or comments, as well as actions taken.Customer Service Representatives44 million hours100% of the task within reach
- Evaluate possibility of losses due to catastrophe or excessive insurance.Insurance Underwriters39 million hours100% of the task within reach
Scan a typical company in this industry
The industry's largest jobs, in the proportions BLS counts across the whole industry, at the pay it pays, run through the company scan. A starting point before you have a roster, or a benchmark for the one you have. Or choose the whole industry: every occupation BLS publishes for it with task data, at its nationwide headcount, the sector report ($249 for the full report, or included in Pro).
Inside this industry
Within reach now and by the end of 2028, long-run pace, four in five. Now is projected from METR's April 2026 measurement and Epoch's November 2026 index.
How it is built: BLS counts the people in each job in this industry; each job's tasks and their lengths give its share within reach at a date; the industry's share is those shares weighted by people. Value is pay times 1.43 for benefits and payroll costs. Seen in Claude use splits today's share by whether Anthropic saw people bring each task to Claude in 2025; other AI tools are not counted. How it works
Questions about this industry
- How much of the work in Insurance Carriers and Related Activities is within reach of AI now?
- An estimated 55% of the paid hours in Insurance Carriers and Related Activities are within reach of AI models now and 67% by the end of 2028, on METR's long-run pace at four in five (64% to 67% across the three paces the site shows). Within reach means a model could finish work that long at that reliability. It is not a forecast of jobs lost or of savings.
- Which jobs in Insurance Carriers and Related Activities carry the most hours within reach?
- By hours within reach now (projected from METR's April 2026 measurement and Epoch's November 2026 index): Customer Service Representatives (292,830 people, 64% of their time, about 392 million hours a year); Insurance Sales Agents (459,420 people, 40% of their time, about 382 million hours a year); and Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators (241,680 people, 60% of their time, about 303 million hours a year).
- Which tasks in Insurance Carriers and Related Activities carry the most hours within reach by the end of 2028?
- Develop marketing strategies to compete with other individuals or companies who sell insurance (Insurance Sales Agents, about 157 million hours a year); Examine documents to determine degree of risk from factors such as applicant health, financial standing and value, and condition of property (Insurance Underwriters, about 83 million hours a year); and Plan and oversee incorporation of insurance program into bookkeeping system of company (Insurance Sales Agents, about 70 million hours a year).
- What would people working in Insurance Carriers and Related Activities learn first?
- Among the 2,533,964 people in jobs reviewed task by task, the skills most often among the first two things to learn on their job's page are reviewing work you did not do yourself (2,321,499 people); briefing a model and checking its drafts (1,253,531 people); and running AI inside the business systems (650,470 people). By the end of 2028 on the long-run pace at four in five, about 33% of their working time stays with people, 59% becomes checking a model's work and 7% can be handed over with lighter checks. It says which parts of the work change, never whether anyone keeps a job.
- How is this estimated?
- BLS counts the people in each occupation in Insurance Carriers and Related Activities (May 2025); each occupation's share of working time within reach comes from its O*NET tasks, each with an estimated length checked against GDPval, and METR's measurements of how long a task the best AI models can finish, carried forward to the date from the latest, Claude Mythos Preview (early) in April 2026. The industry's share is those shares weighted by people. Task data covers 99% of its people, and 97% are in occupations reviewed task by task. Data checked November 10, 2026.
Embed these figures on your site
A small card with the share of working time within reach now and at the end of 2027, 2028 and 2030, the date and a link back. Free under CC BY 4.0; the card carries the credit.