Dishwashers
In short: today's best AI models could do about 0% of this job's working time (projected from METR's April 2026 measurement and Epoch's November 2026 index) if the work were set up for them, and about the same by the end of 2028 if progress keeps its long-run pace. The conversations, in-person and hands-on work, about 100% of the time, stays with people.
Clean dishes, kitchen, food preparation equipment, or utensils.
477,450 people do this job in the US. $34,810 a year.
Reviewed on September 30, 2026: what each task is made of, and what handing it over would ask.
A typical 40-hour week
- AI could take on0 h
- A person checks AI's work0 h
- Desk work AI can't do yet0 h
- Stays with people40 h
Dishwashers, now: of a 40-hour week, AI could take on 0 hours, 0 hours become checking its work, 0 hours are desk work it can't do yet, and 40 hours stay with people.
Estimates for a typical week of this job, if progress keeps its long-run pace, counting work the best models finish four times in five. Every task is below.
of the working time. Now is projected from METR's April 2026 measurement and Epoch's November 2026 index.
- 0%
- 0%
- 0%
- 0%
- 100%
of the work: Anthropic's measure of what people already bring to Claude at work (2025). It counts help with part of a task, so it can be higher than the share within reach.
On the chosen pace and reliability. Estimate.
Share of the working time within reach, now to 2030
Change assumptionsHide assumptionsLong-run pace, four in five
What each choice means: , , , , . Every pace starts from .
At this date and pace, models finish tasks up to 2.4 work days long four times in five.
What handing it over would take, now
The 0% within reach splits by what a model would need. The dates, pace and reliability follow the controls above. Estimates.
of the working time. The material can be handed to a model and the result handed back.
of the working time. The model has to be connected to the system the work lives in.
is conversation short enough by length. This site leaves conversation with people, so it is not in the total.
How far this has come
With GPT-4, measured in March 2023, 0% of this job's working time was within reach at . With Claude 3.7 Sonnet, measured in February 2025, 0%. With Claude Mythos Preview (early), measured in April 2026, 0%. Today's estimate: 0%.
A backcast: today's task data with the best model METR had measured by each date. It shows how fast the models have moved, not what anyone forecast at the time.
Measured use over time
Of the Claude.ai conversations Anthropic sampled and tied to a work task, no reportable share went to this job's tasks in May 2026; 0 of its 13 tasks showed up. Within each of Anthropic's methods, never across a change: none to 0.0022% (August 2025 to February 2026).
Each release
| Conversations | Share | Rank | Tasks seen |
|---|---|---|---|
| Released February 2025 | none | n/a | 0 of 13 |
| Released March 2025 | none | n/a | 0 of 13 |
| The week of Aug 4, 2025 (released September 2025) | none | n/a | 0 of 13 |
| The week of Nov 13, 2025 (released January 2026) | none | n/a | 0 of 13 |
| The week of Feb 5, 2026 (released March 2026) | 0.0022% | 642 of 677 | 1 of 13 |
| April 2026 (released June 2026) | none | n/a | 0 of 13 |
| May 2026 (released June 2026) | none | n/a | 0 of 13 |
Measured, not estimated: Anthropic's samples of Claude.ai conversations, each tied by a model to an O*NET task, from the Anthropic Economic Index. It says where Claude's use goes, not how much of this job's working time it covers, so it is not on the same scale as the reach above. The releases differ in their sample, their classifier and the smallest share they report (the June 2026 file rounds each task to a hundredth of a percent, so a smaller task reads as none), which is why a change of method starts a new line. At least 96% of each older release's task-tied use matched this site's tasks, and all of the newest. Claude.ai only, so use through other tools and other companies' models is not in it. Every job ranked.
Robots and the physical work
Anthropic rates 100% of this job's working time as physical work. For 100% of the working time, a robot has been shown doing most of the task somewhere: 51% in a purpose-built cell, 49% in a structured facility. 1.49 of 3, the 22nd highest of the 923 jobs.
- In a purpose-built cell 51%
- In a structured facility 49%
Anthropic's rating, not this site's estimate: Claude Opus 5, searching the web, rated each physical O*NET task by the kind of setting in which a robot it could cite (deployed, sold or demonstrated) does most of the task, weighted by its own estimate of each task's share of the time (What work can robots do?, September 30, 2026, data CC BY 4.0; every job ranked). A robot shown somewhere is not a robot in your building: cost, setup and safety decide that. The share within reach on this page still counts no body work. The robot behind each rated task is under the task below.
What changes for the people in this job
From the task-by-task review, by the end of 2028 on the long-run pace at four in five. It says which parts of the work stay with people and which change, not whether anyone keeps a job: that depends on decisions no data set can see.
What stays with people
100% of the working time: the conversation, in-person and hands-on parts of the tasks.
- Wash dishes, pots and pans, the hands-on work, 20%
- Keep the kitchen clean and orderly, the hands-on work, 17%
- Sweep and scrub floors, the hands-on work, 10%
- Put away clean dishes and utensils, the hands-on work, 10%
- Clean and prepare foods, the hands-on work, 9%
- Stock serving stations, the hands-on work, 9%
What becomes checking the machine
No desk work within reach by then in tasks where a mistake costs something.
What to learn
- The hands-on craft. About 100% of the time is hands-on work, which no model here does; robots are rated separately on this page.
Your own version of this job: read it against your job description. The headline is free; the full personal report, every task with its timeline and what to learn, is $19 (a sample).
The tasks
Sorted by . 13 tasks from .
| Task | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wash dishes, glassware, flatware, pots, or pans, using dishwashers or by hand.Washing up by hand or machine.Done hourly or more by most who do it. Robots: in a structured facility, Armstrong dishwashing robot (deployed). Anthropic's rating. | 20% | 25 min8 min to 1.3 h | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Maintain kitchen work areas, equipment, or utensils in clean and orderly condition.Cleaning by hand.Done hourly or more by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, Rosie (R6) sanitation robot (CleanBotix) (sold). Anthropic's rating. | 17% | 25 min13 min to 50 min | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Sweep or scrub floors.Cleaning by hand.Done daily by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, Tennant T7AMR / T380AMR / T16AMR (BrainOS) (deployed). Anthropic's rating. | 10% | 25 min8 min to 50 min | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Place clean dishes, utensils, or cooking equipment in storage areas.Handling dishes.Done hourly or more by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, MEIKO automatic plate stacker; MEIKO cutlery sorting station (sold). Anthropic's rating. | 10% | 13 min4 min to 29 min | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Clean or prepare various foods for cooking or serving.Hands-on food preparation.Done hourly or more by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, KRONEN vegetable/lettuce processing lines (GEWA washing, cutting, drying machines) (sold). Anthropic's rating. | 9% | 25 min13 min to 1.3 h | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Stock supplies, such as food or utensils, in serving stations, cupboards, refrigerators, or salad bars.Restocking by hand.Done daily by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, Armstrong Robotics dish-room robot (3x 7-DoF arms) (deployed). Anthropic's rating. | 9% | 21 min8 min to 50 min | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Prepare and package individual place settings.Packing settings by hand.Done several times a day by most who do it.Robots: in a purpose-built cell, NapSpin automated silverware rolling machine (sold). Anthropic's rating. | 5% | 25 min8 min to 1.1 h | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Sort and remove trash, placing it in designated pickup areas.Carrying trash out.Done daily by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, AMP Cortex (AMP Robotics) (sold). Anthropic's rating. | 5% | 17 min8 min to 33 min | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Transfer supplies or equipment between storage and work areas, by hand or using hand trucks.Carrying by hand or hand truck.Done daily by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, Robotray Rack Loader / Robotray AGV system (sold). Anthropic's rating. | 4% | 21 min8 min to 50 min | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Set up banquet tables.Moving tables by hand.Done yearly or less by most who do it.Robots: no robot shown. Anthropic's rating. | 4% | 50 min17 min to 2.5 h | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Receive and store supplies.Putting supplies away by hand.Done daily by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, Symbotic ASRS (robotic depalletizing arms + case-handling bots) (deployed). Anthropic's rating. | 3% | 33 min17 min to 1.1 h | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
| Clean garbage cans with water or steam.Cleaning by hand.Done daily by most who do it. Robots: in a purpose-built cell, Douglas Machines BDW-1-HD Barrel & Drum (garbage can) Washer (sold). Anthropic's rating. | 2% | 21 min8 min to 50 min | Hands-on 100% | Stays with people |
Within reach, per task: the share of the task's time whose instances are short enough for a model to finish at the chosen date, pace and reliability. Half by: the date half of that time comes within reach. Made of: how the task's time splits among five kinds of doing. Only the documents and systems parts can count as within reach, so a task that is 30% documents can be at most 30% within reach.
Jobs that share skills with this one
From O*NET's related occupations. Within reach now and by the end of 2028, long-run pace, four in five.
- Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment1% now, 1% by 2028
- Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers1% now, 1% by 2028
- Food Preparation Workers3% now, 3% by 2028
- Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers0% now, 0% by 2028
- Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners0% now, 0% by 2028
- Food Servers, Nonrestaurant10% now, 10% by 2028
Where this job works
The industry groups that employ the most of it (BLS, May 2025).
Where the most of these jobs are
The metro areas with the most people in it (BLS, May 2025).
Questions about this job
- How much of the work of Dishwashers is within reach of AI now?
- An estimated 0% of the working time is within reach of AI models now and 0% by the end of 2028, on METR's long-run pace at four in five. Within reach means a model could finish work that long at that reliability. It is not a forecast of jobs lost or of savings.
- Which tasks of Dishwashers come within reach first?
- No task has a meaningful share of its time within reach now or by the end of 2028, on the long-run pace at four in five: the work is mostly people work and body work, which the site does not count.
- Which tasks of Dishwashers stay with people?
- Tasks that are people work or body work are not counted as within reach at any date. The largest: Wash dishes, pots and pans; Keep the kitchen clean and orderly; and Sweep and scrub floors. Together such tasks are about 100% of the working time, and the people and body parts of the other tasks stay with people too.
- What should Dishwashers learn as AI takes on more of the work?
- By the job's own task-by-task review, the first things to learn are the hands-on craft. By the end of 2028 on the long-run pace at four in five, about 100% of the working time stays with people, 0% becomes checking a model's work and 0% could be handed over with lighter checks. It says which parts of the work change, never whether anyone keeps a job.
- Do people already use AI for the work of Dishwashers?
- In the Claude.ai conversations Anthropic sampled for May 2026, no reportable share went to this job's tasks. Anthropic's labor market measure puts the share of the job's tasks seen in real Claude use at work at 0%. These are measures of use, not of how much of the work AI could finish, and they cover Claude only.
- Can robots do the physical work of Dishwashers?
- Anthropic's robot exposure rating (September 2026) finds 100% of the working time is physical work, and that a robot has been shown doing most of the task, somewhere, for 100% of the working time, 49% in a structured facility. Its index is 1.49 of 3. One example: Armstrong dishwashing robot for "wash dishes, pots and pans". A robot shown somewhere is not one in every workplace; this site's own estimates still count no physical work as within reach.
- How is this estimated?
- From the 13 tasks O*NET lists for the occupation, each with an estimated length checked against GDPval and a share of the working time, reviewed one task at a time on September 30, 2026 for what each is made of (documents, business systems, conversation, in person, hands-on), and METR's measurements of how long a task the best AI models can finish, carried forward to the date from the latest, Claude Mythos Preview (early) in April 2026. Data checked November 10, 2026.
This job in your state or metro area
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A small card with the share of working time within reach now and at the end of 2027, 2028 and 2030, the date and a link back. Free under CC BY 4.0; the card carries the credit.
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